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Youth Voter Turnout: Why Is It So Low?
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The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World of Arts and Letters
Intelligence in Recent Public Literature
By Frances Stonor Saunders. New York: The New Press, 2000. 509 pages.
Reviewed by Thomas M. Troy, Jr.
Troy, Thomas M. (Central Intelligence Agency, Apr 14, 2007): "The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World of Arts and Letters: Intelligence in Recent Public Literature". Available (1398/04/27) online at:
https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol46no1/article08.html
If The Cultural Cold War had been published in the 1960s or 1970s, it most likely would have caused a sensation and been a best seller. It would have provoked anguished editorials in major Western newspapers and a barrage of "we-told-you-so" items in the communist-controlled media. Published at the turn of the century, however, the book is something of a curiosity.1 It contains a long cry of moral outrage over the fact that the CIA committed "vast resources to a secret program of cultural propaganda in western Europe."2 At the same time, the author, an independent filmmaker and novelist, has produced a well-written account of a basically unfamiliar story with a cast of many larger-than-life characters who played roles in the Cold War.
To over-simplify the historical background: In the late 1940s, Washington did not take it for granted that the people in Western Europe would support democratic governments and that their states would effectively oppose the Soviet Union and support the United States. To help promote democracy and to oppose the Soviet Union and West European communist parties, the CIA supported members of the non-communist left, including many intellectuals. Because the CIA's activities were clandestine, only a few of the beneficiaries were witting of the Agency's support, although a large number suspected Agency involvement.
Frances Saunders evidently was dismayed and shocked! shocked! to learn there was gambling in the back room of Rick's café. She finds the Agency's activities to be reprehensible and morally repugnant and believes that the CIA's "deception" actually undermined intellectual freedom. She rejects the "blank check" line of defense offered by some people that the Agency "simply helped people to say what they would have said anyway."3 She reminds readers that the CIA overthrew governments, was responsible for the Bay of Pigs operation and the Phoenix Program, spied on American citizens, harassed democratically elected foreign leaders, and plotted assassinations. The CIA denied these activities before Congress and, "in the process, elevated the art of lying to new heights."4 Ms. Saunders vents her spleen mainly in her introduction, but in the text she repeatedly returns to the theme that the CIA injured the cause of intellectual freedom by clandestinely supporting (oh, irony of ironies!) champions of intellectual freedom. Not adverse to using clichés, Saunders refers to the CIA at various times as a "wilderness of mirrors," an "invisible government," and a "rogue elephant."
According to Saunders, the list of CIA covert activities during the 1950s and 1960s is long. The Agency subsidized European tours of the Boston Symphony Orchestra and paid for the filming of George Orwell's 1984 and Animal Farm. It clandestinely subsidized the publishing of thousands of books, including an entire line of books by Frederick A. Praeger, Inc., and the renowned work by Milovan Djilas, The New Class . It bailed out, and then subsidized, the financially faltering Partisan Review and Kenyon Review .
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🎥 معاون اجرایی پزشکیان: خودرو باید گران میشد هرچند مردم از این موضوع رضایت ندارند
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🔹 دولت پزشکیان اسم «گرانی» را «اصلاح قیمت» گذاشته است در صورتی که مردم گرانی را با پوست و استخوان درک کردهاند و حتی گرانی باعث شده است معیشت مردم به خطر بیفتد/ جوان
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🎥 رونمایی از موز ۶.۲ میلیون دلاری
🔹گاردین: در حراجی هنری نیویورک، یک اثر هنری که شامل موز به دیوار چسبانده شده با یک نوارچسب بود ۶.۲ میلیون دلار به فروش رفت.
🔹یکی از فروشندگان حراج گفته: هرگز فکر نمیکردم روزی برسد که بگویم: چند میلیون دلار برای یک موز! موزی که ساعتی قبل ۳۵ سنت خریداری شده.
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Apple now promises to invest $100 million in Indonesia to get rid of iPhone 16 ban
Vlad 19 November 2024
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Indonesian government expects Apple to invest more than $100M to bypas iPhone 16 ban
Michail 24 November 2024
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Indonesia wants Apple to sweeten its $100 million proposal as tech giant lobbies for iPhone 16 sales
PUBLISHED FRI , NOV 2 2 2 0 2 4 - 1 : 3 1 AM E S T
UPDATED FRI, NOV 2 2 2 0 2 4 4:09AMEST
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Indonesia has set a rule that about 40% of the components of appliances imported into the country should be manufactured locally to promote local industries. Apple failed to meet this requirement, which saw iPhone 16 sales put on hold a few weeks after its launch in September
Apple’s latest smartphone, the iPhone 16, is currently unavailable in Indonesia—Southeast Asia’s largest economy—after the Indonesian government blocked the sale of the series last month because it didn’t meet the country’s 40% domestic content requirements for smartphones and tablets.
اندونزی برای حمایت از تولید داخلی گفت فقط به گوشی ها و تبلتهایی اجازۀ ورود به بازار اندونزی داده میشه که حداقل 40 درصدشون ساخت داخل اندونزی باشند. اپل 16 چون این شرط را نداشت ممنوع شد، شرکت اپل اول گفت باشه من 10 میلیون دلار داخل اندوزی سرمایه گذاری میکنم، دولت اندونزی گفت غلط کردی فعلا رقم را رسوندن به 100 میلیون دلار طی دو سال البته هنوز توافق نکردند، ایران هم خب ...